  Pw*s na xrysimopoiei%te me epituxi%a tyn li%sta ylektronikou% taxudromei%ou
                               FreeBSD-questions

  Greg Lehey

   <grog@FreeBSD.org>

   Anathew%rysy: 43184

   To FreeBSD ei%nai e%na katoxurwme%no emporiko% su%mbolo tou FreeBSD
   Foundation.

   Oi le%cei*s Microsoft, IntelliMouse, MS-DOS, Outlook, Windows, Windows
   Media, kai Windows NT ei%nai ei%te katoxurwme%na emporika% su%mbola y%
   emporika% su%mbola ty*s Microsoft Corporation sti*s Ynwme%ne*s Politei%e*s
   kai/y% se a%lle*s xw%re*s.

   Oi le%cei*s Netscape kai Netscape Navigator ei%nai katoxurwme%na emporika%
   su%mbola ty*s Netscape Communications Corporation sti*s Y.P.A kai a%lle*s
   xw%re*s.

   Oi le%cei*s Motif, OSF/1, kai UNIX ei%nai katoxurwme%na emporika% su%mbola
   kai oi le%cei*s y% fra%sei*s IT DialTone kai The Open Group ei%nai
   emporika% su%mbola tou The Open Group sti*s Ynwme%ne*s Politei%e*s kai se
   a%lle*s xw%re*s.

   Oi le%cei*s QUALCOMM kai Eudora ei%nai katoxurwme%na emporika% su%mbola
   ty*s QUALCOMM Incorporated.

   Polle%*s apo% ti*s le%cei*s y% fra%sei*s oi opoi%e*s xrysimopoiou%ntai
   apo% tou*s kataskeuaste%*s y% tou*s pwlyte%*s tou*s gia na diakri%noun ta
   projo%nta tou*s thewrou%ntai emporika% su%mbola. O%pou aute%*s
   emfani%zontai se auto% to kei%meno kai gia o%se*s apo% aute%*s gnwri%zei y
   Oma%da Ana%ptucy*s tou FreeBSD o%ti ei%nai pithano%n na ei%nai emporika%
   su%mbola, tha dei%te e%na apo% ta su%mbola: <<(TM)>> y% <<(R)>>.

   2013-11-13 apo% hrs.
   Peri%lyqy

   Auto% to kei%meno pare%xei xry%sime*s plyrofori%e*s gia o%sou*s
   prospathou%n na proetoima%soun e%na gra%mma gia tyn li%sta taxudromei%ou
   FreeBSD-questions. Di%nontai sumboule%*s kai odygi%e*s pou tha
   megistopoiy%soun tyn pithano%tyta o anagnw%sty*s na pa%rei xry%sime*s
   apanty%sei*s.

   Auto% to kei%meno (STM: y aggliky% e%kdosy) ste%lnetai taktika% styn i%dia
   ty li%sta FreeBSD-questions.

   [ HTML se tmy%mata / HTML se e%na tmy%ma ]

     ----------------------------------------------------------------------

   Pi%naka*s Periexome%nwn

   1. Eisagwgy%

   2. Pw*s na graftei%te styn FreeBSD-questions

   3. Pw*s na diagrafei%te apo% tyn FreeBSD-questions

   4. Pou na stei%lw tyn erw%tysy% mou; Styn -questions y% styn -hackers;

   5. Prin stei%lete mia erw%tysy

   6. Pw*s na stei%lete mia erw%tysy

   7. Pw*s na sumplyrw%sete mia erw%tysy

   8. Pw*s na apanty%sete mia erw%tysy

1. Eisagwgy%

   Y FreeBSD-questions ei%nai mia taxudromiky% li%sta pou suntyrei%tai apo%
   tyn oma%da ana%ptucy*s tou FreeBSD gia na bri%skoun se auty% boy%theia
   o%soi e%xoun apori%e*s sxetika% me tyn xry%sy tou FreeBSD. Mia a%lly
   li%sta, y FreeBSD-hackers, ei%nai gia pio proxwryme%ne*s erwty%sei*s,
   o%pw*s gia para%deigma suzyty%sei*s gia mellontike%*s ergasi%e*s
   ana%ptucy*s.

  Symei%wsy:

   O o%ro*s <<hacker>> den e%xei kami%a apolu%tw*s sxe%sy me tyn eisboly%
   stou*s upologiste%*s a%llwn anthrw%pwn. O swsto%*s o%ro*s gia te%toiou
   ei%dou*s ene%rgeie*s ei%nai <<cracker>>, alla% ta dymofily% me%sa
   enyme%rwsy*s den to e%xoun anakalu%qei ako%ma. Oi FreeBSD hackers den
   egkri%noun tyn parabi%asy ty*s asfa%leia*s twn upologistw%n (cracking),
   kai den e%xoun kami%a sxe%sy me te%toiou ei%dou*s ene%rgeie*s. Gia na pio
   leptomery% perigrafy% twn hackers, dei%te to How to Become A Hacker tou
   Eric Raymond.

   Auto% ei%nai e%na taktiko% my%numa tou opoi%ou skopo%*s ei%nai na
   boythy%sei to%so autou%*s pou anazytou%n boy%theia apo% tyn
   FreeBSD-questions (tou*s <<kainou%riou*s>>) o%so kai autou%*s pou
   apanta%ne ti*s erwty%sei*s (tou*s <<hackers>>).

   Anapo%feukta upa%rxei mia ko%ntra, pou ofei%letai styn diaforetiky%
   optiky% gwni%a pou e%xei y ka%the oma%da. Oi kainou%rioi katygorou%n tou*s
   hackers o%ti ei%nai egwiste%*s, kollyme%noi, kai o%ti den boytha%ne, enw%
   oi hackers katygorou%n tou*s kainou%riou*s o%ti ei%nai xazoi%, ani%kanoi
   na diaba%soun apla% Agglika%, ki o%ti perime%noun ta pa%nta na tou*s
   di%nontai se e%na asyme%nio di%sko. Gegono%*s ei%nai, be%baia, o%ti mia
   do%sy aly%theia*s upa%rxei kai sti*s duo aute%*s apo%qei*s, alla% kata%
   ku%rio lo%go aute%*s oi apo%qei*s ofei%lontai se aisthy%mata orgy%*s.

   Me auto% to kei%meno, tha y%thela na ka%nw ka%ti na apalu%nw ka%pw*s auty%
   tyn orgy%, kai na boythy%sw o%so mporw% o%lou*s na xrysimopoiou%n me ta
   kalu%tera dunata% apotele%smata ty li%sta FreeBSD-questions. Paraka%tw
   perigra%fw pw*s na stei%lei ka%poio*s mia erw%tysy. Meta% tha dou%me kai
   tro%pou*s gia na di%nontai apanty%sei*s.

2. Pw*s na graftei%te styn FreeBSD-questions

   Y FreeBSD-questions ei%nai mia li%sta ylektronikou% taxudromei%ou, opo%te
   xreia%zeste pro%sbasy se ka%poia upyresi%a ylektronikou% taxudromei%ou.
   Gia na graftei%te sty li%sta, episkefthei%te me to fullometryty% sa*s ty
   Seli%da Plyroforiw%n ty*s FreeBSD-question. Sto tmy%ma <<Subscribing to
   freebsd-questions>> sumplyrw%ste to pedi%o <<Your email address>> ki
   o%poia a%lla proairetika% pedi%a the%lete.

  Symei%wsy:

   Ta pedi%a kwdikou% pare%xoun me%tria asfa%leia, alla% oi kwdiko%i% auto%*s
   tha empodi%soun ton perisso%tero ko%smo apo% to na ka%nei allage%*s sty
   sundromy% sa*s. My xrysimopoiy%sete o%mw*s ka%poio polu%timo kwdiko% se
   auto% to pedi%o, giati% tha sa*s e%rxetai periodika% mia upenthu%misy tou
   kwdikou% se e%na aplo%, my kruptografyme%no my%numa ylektronikou%
   taxudromei%ou.

   Li%go meta% tha la%bete e%na my%numa epibebai%wsy*s ty*s eggrafy%*s apo%
   to mailman. Akolouthy%ste ti*s odygi%e*s tou mynu%mato*s gia na
   energopoiythei% y sundromy% sa*s.

   Te%lo*s, mo%li*s la%bete to my%numa kalwsori%smato*s apo% to mailman, pou
   perigra%fei ty li%sta kai ton kwdiko% ty*s sundromy%*s sa*s, kraty%ste
   e%na anti%grafo. An thely%sete pote% na akurw%sete tyn eggrafy% sa*s sty
   li%sta, tha xreiastei%te ti*s plyrofori%e*s tou mynu%mato*s. Dei%te kai
   ti*s epo%mene*s paragra%fou*s gia perisso%tere*s leptome%reie*s.

3. Pw*s na diagrafei%te apo% tyn FreeBSD-questions

   O%tan grafty%kate styn FreeBSD-questions, py%rate e%na my%numa
   kalwsori%smato*s apo% to <mailman>. Se auto% to my%numa, ana%mesa se a%lla
   pra%gmata, ecygei% kai pw*s mporei%te na diagrafei%te apo% ty li%sta.
   Ori%ste e%na tupiko% my%numa:

 Welcome to the freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list!

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 unsubscribe or change your account options.  There is also a button on
 your options page that will email your current password to you.

   Xrysimopoiw%nta*s ty dieu%thunsy URL pou perie%xei to my%numa
   kalwsori%smato*s pou la%bate (me ti%tlo <<Welcome>>) mporei%te na
   episkefthei%te ty <<Seli%da proswpikw%n ruthmi%sewn>> kai na aitythei%te
   ty diagrafy% sa*s (<<Unsubscribe>>) apo% ty li%sta FreeBSD-questions.

   Mo%li*s zyty%sete ty diagrafy% sa*s to mailman tha sa*s stei%lei e%na
   my%numa epibebai%wsy*s ty*s diagrafy%*s. Akolouthy%ste ti*s odygi%e*s tou
   mynu%mato*s gia na oloklyrw%sete ty diadikasi%a diagrafy%*s.

   An ta e%xete ka%nei o%la auta% kai ako%ma den mporei%te na katala%bete ti
   sumbai%nei, stei%lte e%na my%numa sty dieu%thunsy
   <Postmaster@FreeBSD.org>, kai auto%*s tha sa*s boythy%sei na brei%te mia
   a%kry. Myn stei%lete ka%poio my%numa styn FreeBSD-questions: den mporou%n
   na sa*s boythy%soun.

4. Pou na stei%lw tyn erw%tysy% mou; Styn -questions y% styn -hackers;

   Du%o ei%nai oi li%ste*s pou mporei% ka%poio*s na ka%nei erwty%sei*s
   genikou% periexome%nou sxetika% me to FreeBSD, y FreeBSD-questions kai y
   FreeBSD-hackers. Se ka%poie*s periptw%sei*s, den ei%nai apolu%tw*s
   ceka%tharo se poia li%sta pre%pei na rwty%sete. Ta paraka%tw krity%ria tha
   sa*s boythy%soun na apofasi%sete sto 99% twn periptw%sewn, o%mw*s:

    1. An y erw%tysy ei%nai genikou% periexome%nou, rwty%ste styn
       FreeBSD-questions. Paradei%gmata mporei% na ei%nai erwty%sei*s
       sxetika% me tyn egkata%stasy tou FreeBSD y% tyn xry%sy eno%*s
       sugkekrime%nou UNIX(R) ergalei%ou.

    2. An nomi%zete o%ti y erw%tysy e%xei sxe%sy me ka%poio bug, alla% den
       ei%ste si%gouroi, y% den ce%rete pw*s na to qa%cete perisso%tero,
       stei%lte to my%numa styn FreeBSD-questions.

    3. An y erw%tysy e%xei sxe%sy me ka%poio bug, kai ei%ste si%gouroi o%ti
       ei%nai bug (gia para%deigma, mporei%te na dei%cete to me%ro*s ston
       pygai%o kw%dika pou emfani%zetai, y% i%sw*s e%xete kai ka%poia
       dio%rthwsy e%toimy), to%te stei%lte to my%numa% sa*s styn
       FreeBSD-hackers.

    4. An y erw%tysy e%xei sxe%sy me beltiw%sei*s sto FreeBSD, kai mporei%te
       na ka%nete prota%sei*s sxetika% me tyn ulopoi%ysy% tou*s, stei%lte to
       my%numa styn FreeBSD-hackers.

   Upa%rxoun epi%sy*s ki a%lle*s li%ste*s ylektronikou% taxudromei%ou, gia
   para%deigma y FreeBSD-isp, y opoi%a asxolei%tai me ta endiafe%ronta twn
   ISP (Paroxei%*s Upyresiw%n Internet-Internet Service Providers) pou
   tre%xoun FreeBSD. An tuxai%nei na pare%xete upyresi%e*s Internet, auto%
   den symai%nei pw*s auto%mata pre%pei na ste%lnete o%le*s sa*s ti*s
   erwty%sei*s styn FreeBSD-isp. Ta krity%ria pou anafe%rame parapa%nw pa%li
   isxu%oun, kai ma%llon sa*s sumfe%rei na ta xrysimopoiy%sete, afou% e%tsi
   ei%nai pio pithano%n na pa%rete kalu%tera apotele%smata.

5. Prin stei%lete mia erw%tysy

   Mporei%te (kai pre%pei) na ka%nete ka%poia pra%gmata apo% mo%noi sa*s prin
   stei%lete mia erw%tysy se ka%poia apo% ti*s li%ste*s ylektronikou%
   taxudromei%ou.

     * Prospathei%ste na lu%sete to pro%blyma mo%noi sa*s. An stei%lete mia
       erw%tysy y opoi%a dei%xnei o%ti e%xete prospathy%sei y%dy na lu%sete
       to pro%blyma, ei%nai sxedo%n si%gouro o%ti y erw%tysy% sa*s tha
       kiny%sei to endiafe%ron perisso%tero endiafe%ron. Y prospa%theia na
       lu%sete to pro%blyma mo%noi sa*s e%xei ki a%lla kala% apotele%smata:
       tha beltiw%sei tyn katano%ysy pou e%xete gia ton tro%po pou douleu%ei
       to FreeBSD, opo%te u%stera tha mporei%te ako%my kai na
       xrysimopoiy%sete ty gnw%sy pou apokty%sate gia na boythy%sete
       a%llou*s, apantw%nta*s ti*s erwty%sei*s tou*s se ka%poia apo% ti*s
       li%ste*s.

     * Diaba%ste ta manual pages, kai tyn tekmyri%wsy tou FreeBSD (ei%te to
       anti%grafo pou diane%metai mazi% me ti*s ekdo%sei*s tou FreeBSD ki
       egkathi%statai ston kata%logo /usr/doc y% me%sw WWW sty dieu%thunsy
       http://www.FreeBSD.org), eidika% to Egxeiri%dio tou FreeBSD kai ty
       li%sta suxnw%n erwty%sewn.

     * Periygythei%te y% anazyty%ste sxetika% the%mata sta arxei%a ty*s
       li%sta*s, gia na dei%te an y erw%tysy% sa*s y% ka%poia paro%moia e%xei
       y%dy emfanistei% y% e%xei apantythei% sto pareltho%n. Mporei%te na
       brei%te ta arxei%a ty*s li%sta*s sty dieu%thunsy
       http://www.FreeBSD.org/mail kai na anazyty%sete palia% the%mata sty
       dieu%thunsy http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/search.html#mailinglists.
       Te%toie*s anazyty%sei*s mporou%n na gi%noun kai se a%llou*s
       ecupyretyte%*s pou e%xoun to arxei%o ty*s li%sta*s, p.x. sty
       dieu%thunsy http://marc.theaimsgroup.com.

     * Xrysimopoiy%ste mia myxany% anazy%tysy*s, o%pw*s to Google y% to Yahoo
       gia na brei%te apanty%sei*s sti*s erwty%sei*s sa*s. To Google e%xei
       ako%ma kai eidiko% tmy%ma gia ta BSD leitourgika% susty%mata.

6. Pw*s na stei%lete mia erw%tysy

   O%tan ste%lnete mia erw%tysy styn FreeBSD-questions, skeftei%te prw%ta ta
   paraka%tw pra%gmata:

     * Na thuma%ste pw*s kanei%*s den plyrw%netai gia na apanty%sei mia
       erw%tysy styn FreeBSD-questions. Apantou%n epeidy% oi i%dioi the%loun
       na apanty%soun. Mporei%te na epyrea%sete tyn the%lysy ka%poiou na
       apanty%sei thetika% ste%lnonta*s mia prosegme%ny erw%tysy kai
       di%nonta*s o%so to dunato%n perisso%tere*s sxetike%*s plyrofori%e*s.
       Mporei% na epyrea%sete arnytika% tyn the%lysy ka%poiou na apanty%sei,
       ste%lnonta*s mia ately%, du%skoly na diabastei%, y% ageny% erw%tysy.
       Ei%nai epi%sy*s polu% pithano%n na stei%lete e%na my%numa styn
       FreeBSD-questions kai na myn pa%rete apa%ntysy, ako%ma kai an
       akolouthy%sete autou%*s tou*s kano%ne*s. Ei%nai o%mw*s ako%ma
       perisso%tero pithano% na myn pa%rete mia apa%ntysy, an den tou*s
       akolouthy%sete. Sto upo%loipo autou% tou keime%nou tha dou%me pw*s tha
       e%xete ta kalu%tera dunata% apotele%smata apo% tyn FreeBSD-questions.

     * Den diaba%zoun o%la ta mynu%mata o%soi apantou%n styn
       FreeBSD-questions: koita%zoun tyn grammy% the%mato*s (subject) kai
       apofasi%zoun an tou*s endiafe%rei y% o%xi. Profanw%*s, sa*s sumfe%rei
       na e%xete ori%sei e%na the%ma. THe%mata o%mw*s o%pw*s <<FreeBSD
       problem>> y% <<Help>> den ei%nai arketa%. An den e%xete ba%lei kane%na
       the%ma, polloi% ou%te kan pou tha ka%tsoun na diaba%soun to my%numa.
       An to the%ma ei%nai ka%pw*s asafe%*s kai den anafe%rei akribw%*s to
       pro%blyma, a%nthrwpoi pou mporou%n na apanty%soun i%sw*s na myn to
       diaba%soun kan.

     * Diamorfw%ste to gra%mma sa*s w%ste na diaba%zetai eu%kola, kai MYN
       FWNAZETE SAS PARAKALW!!!!! Katalabai%noume o%ti polu%*s ko%smo*s den
       e%xei gia mytriky% tou glw%ssa ta Agglika%, kai prospathou%me na
       ei%maste arketa% anektikoi% se auto% to the%ma, alla% ei%nai
       pragmatika% enoxlytiko% na prospathei% kanei%*s na diaba%sei e%na
       my%numa gema%to orthografika% la%thy y% o%tan ei%nai o%lo gramme%no se
       mia grammy%.

       Myn upotima%te tyn epi%drasy pou e%na kakogramme%no my%numa mporei% na
       e%xei, ki auto% o%xi mo%no styn FreeBSD-questions li%sta. To my%numa
       sa*s ei%nai auto% pou tha doun oi a%lloi, ki an ei%nai kakogramme%no,
       me to kei%meno olo%klyrwn paragra%fwn se mia grammy%, y% gema%to
       la%thy, tha dw%sei a%sxymy entu%pwsy stou*s a%llou*s gia sa*s.

       Pa%ra polla% kakogramme%na mynu%mata ofei%lontai se ellatwmatika% y%
       kakoruthmisme%na progra%mmata ylektroniky%*s allylografi%a*s. Ta
       paraka%tw progra%mmata ei%nai gnwsto% o%ti ste%lnoun kakogramme%na
       mynu%mata xwri%*s esei%*s na to ce%rete pw*s ka%ti te%toio gi%netai:

          * cc:Mail

          * Eudora(R)

          * exmh

          * Microsoft(R) Exchange

          * Microsoft(R) Internet Mail

          * Microsoft(R) Outlook(R)

          * Netscape(R)

       O%pw*s ble%pete, ta progra%mmata ylektroniky%*s allylografi%a*s ston
       ko%smo ty*s Microsoft ei%nai arketa% suxna% sty li%sta. O%tan ei%nai
       dunato%n, xrysimopoiy%ste e%na pro%gramma ylektroniky%*s
       allylografi%a*s pou tre%xei se UNIX(R). An ei%ste upoxrewme%noi na
       xrysimopoiy%sete ka%poio pro%gramma ylektroniky%*s allylografi%a*s se
       Microsoft periba%llon, to%te sigoureutei%te o%ti to e%xete ruthmi%sei
       swsta%. Prospathy%ste na myn xrysimopoiei%te MIME: polloi%
       xrysimopoiou%n progra%mmata na diaba%soun tyn allylografi%a tou*s pou
       den ta pa%ne kala% me to MIME.

     * Sigoureutei%te o%ti y w%ra kai y zw%ny w%ra*s ei%nai swsta%
       ruthmisme%ne*s sto su%styma% sa*s. Auto% mporei% na fai%netai li%go
       xazo%, afou% to my%numa% sa*s e%tsi ki alliw%*s tha fta%sei, alla%
       polloi% apo% tou*s anthrw%pou*s pou prospathei%te na epikoinwny%sete
       mazi% tou*s pai%rnoun arkete%*s ekatonta%de*s mynu%mata ka%the me%ra.
       Polle%*s fore%*s tacinomou%n ta eiserxo%mena mynu%mata% tou*s ana%loga
       me to the%ma kai tyn ymeromyni%a, kai an to my%numa% sa*s den fta%sei
       prin tyn prw%ty apa%ntysy, mporei% na thewry%soun o%ti den to py%ran
       kan kai na myn asxolythou%n parapa%nw.

     * Myn sumperilamba%nete a%sxete*s erwty%sei*s sto i%dio my%numa. Prw%ta
       apo% o%la, e%na tera%stio my%numa mporei% na fobi%sei ton ko%smo kai
       na myn asxolythou%n, kai deu%teron, ei%nai du%skolo na petu%xete na
       diaba%soun o%le*s ti*s erwty%sei*s o%loi o%soi mporou%n na
       apanty%soun.

     * Dw%ste o%so perisso%tere*s plyrofori%e*s gi%netai. Auto% ei%nai mia
       ka%pw*s peri%ergy apai%tysy, kai pre%pei na analu%soume ka%pw*s ti
       plyrofori%e*s xreia%zetai na stei%lete, alla% gia arxy% a*s pou%me ta
       ecy%*s:

          * Sxedo%n se ka%the peri%ptwsy, ei%nai symantiko% na ce%rei
            kanei%*s poia e%kdosy tou FreeBSD tre%xete. Eidika% me to
            FreeBSD-CURRENT, tha pre%pei na pei%te ako%ma kai poia ei%nai y
            ymeromyni%a tou pygai%ou kw%dika. O%pw*s kai na% 'xei, den
            pre%pei na ste%lnete o%mw*s erwty%sei*s gia to -CURRENT styn
            FreeBSD-questions.

          * Gia opoiody%pote pro%blyma mporei% na e%xei sxe%sy me to uliko%
            tou upologisty% sa*s (hardware), pei%te ma*s kai gia to uliko%
            pou e%xei o upologisty%*s. An e%xete amfiboli%e*s, upothe%ste
            o%ti ma%llon e%xei sxe%sy me to uliko%. Ti ei%do*s CPU
            xrysimopoiei%te; Po%so gry%gory; Ti mytriky%; Po%so mny%my; Ti
            perifereiaka%;

            Genika% pre%pei na xrysimopoiy%sete kai tyn kri%sy sa*s edw%,
            alla% suny%thw*s y e%codo*s ty*s entoly%*s dmesg(8) mporei% na
            apodeixthei% xry%simy, afou% ma*s le%ei o%xi mo%no ti uliko%
            xrysimopoiei%te, alla% kai poia e%kdosy tou FreeBSD tre%xete.

          * An ble%pete ka%poia mynu%mata la%thou*s, myn gra%fete <<Ble%pw
            ka%poia mynu%mata la%thou*s>>, alla% gra%qte (gia para%deigma)
            <<Ble%pw to my%numa la%thou*s 'No route to host'>>.

          * An to su%styma ka%nei panic, myn pei%te <<To su%styma% mou e%kane
            panic>>, alla% (gia para%deigma) <<to su%styma% mou e%kane panic
            me to my%numa 'free vnode isn't'>>.

          * An e%xete ka%poia duskoli%a me tyn egkata%stasy tou FreeBSD,
            pei%te ma*s si%goura ti uliko% e%xete. Pio sugkekrime%na, ei%nai
            symantiko% na ce%roume ta IRQ kai ti*s dieuthu%nsei*s I/O gia
            o%le*s ti*s ka%rte*s pou e%xete egkatestyme%ne*s sto myxa%nyma%
            sa*s.

          * An e%xete ka%poio pro%blyma me to na katafe%rete to PPP na
            doule%qei, perigra%qte ti*s ruthmi%sei*s sa*s. Poia e%kdosy tou
            PPP tre%xete; Pw*s sunde%este kai me poio tro%po ele%gxetai y
            tauto%tyta% sa*s; E%xete statiky% y% dunamiky% IP dieu%thunsy; Ti
            mynu%mata pai%rnete sta log arxei%a sa*s;

     * Polle%*s apo% ti*s plyrofori%e*s pou the%lete suny%thw*s na stei%lete,
       perilamba%nontai styn e%codo programma%twn o%pw*s to dmesg(8), y% sta
       mynu%mata pou ble%pete styn konso%la sa*s, ta opoi%a ti*s pio polle%*s
       fore%*s sw%zontai kai sto arxei%o /var/log/messages. Myn dokima%sete
       na antigra%qete aute%*s ti*s plyrofori%e*s canagra%fonta%*s te*s.
       Ei%nai bareto% kai sxedo%n si%goura tha ka%nete ka%poio la%tho*s. Gia
       na stei%lete ta periexo%mena ka%poiou log arxei%ou, ei%te ka%nte e%na
       anti%grafo tou arxei%ou kai xrysimopoiy%ste ka%poion epecergasty%
       keime%nou na ko%qete o%sa komma%tia den ei%nai sxetika%, y%
       antigra%qte kai epikolly%ste o%ti e%xei sxe%sy sto my%numa% sa*s. Gia
       tyn e%codo ka%poiou progra%mmato*s, o%pw*s p.x. to dmesg(8),
       anakateuthu%nete tyn e%codo se ka%poio arxei%o kai xrysimopoiy%ste
       auto% to arxei%o. Gia para%deigma:

 % dmesg > /tmp/dmesg.out

       Auto% tha stei%lei tyn e%codo ty*s entoly%*s sto arxei%o
       /tmp/dmesg.out.

     * An ta ka%nete o%la auta%, kai pa%li den pa%rete ka%poia apa%ntysy
       mporei% na upa%rxoun a%lloi lo%goi. Gia para%deigma, mporei% to
       pro%blyma na ei%nai to%so peri%ploko pou kanei%*s den ce%rei tyn
       apa%ntysy, y% mporei% to a%tomo pou ce%rei na apanty%sei na myn y%tan
       diathe%simo. An den pa%rete apa%ntysy gia p.x. pa%nw apo% mia
       bdoma%da, mporei% na boythy%sei an canastei%lete to my%numa. Pa%ntw*s,
       an den pa%rete apa%ntysy ou%te tyn deu%tery fora%, ma%llon den tha
       brei%te boy%theia se auty% ty li%sta. To na ste%lnete to my%numa cana%
       kai cana% to mo%no pou tha e%xei san apote%lesma tha ei%nai na myn
       the%lei kanei%*s na asxolythei% mazi% tou.

   Gia na anakefalaiw%soume, a*s pou%me o%ti ce%rete tyn apa%ntysy styn
   paraka%tw erw%tysy (nai ei%nai y i%dia erw%tysy kai sti*s duo
   periptw%sei*s). Mporei%te na diale%cete poia apo% ti*s duo aute%*s
   erwty%sei*s tha protimou%sate na apanty%sete:

   Para%deigma 1. Message 1

 Subject: HELP!!?!??
 I just can't get hits damn silly FereBSD system to
 workd, and Im really good at this tsuff, but I have never seen
 anythign sho difficult to install, it jst wont work whatever I try
 so why don't y9ou guys tell me what I doing wrong.

   Para%deigma 2. Message 2

 Subject: Problems installing FreeBSD

 I've just got the FreeBSD 2.1.5 CDROM from Walnut Creek, and I'm having a lot
 of difficulty installing it.  I have a 66 MHz 486 with 16 MB of
 memory and an Adaptec 1540A SCSI board, a 1.2GB Quantum Fireball
 disk and a Toshiba 3501XA CDROM drive.  The installation works just
 fine, but when I try to reboot the system, I get the message
 ``Missing Operating System''.

7. Pw*s na sumplyrw%sete mia erw%tysy

   Suxna% tha the%lete na stei%lete ka%poie*s parapa%nw plyrofori%e*s gia mia
   erw%tysy pou e%xete ka%nei y%dy. O kalu%tero*s tro%po*s na to ka%nete
   auto% ei%nai na apanty%sete sto i%dio to arxiko% sa*s my%numa. Auto% e%xei
   tri%a pleonekty%mata:

    1. Perilamba%nete kai to arxiko% sa*s my%numa, ki e%tsi ka%poio*s pou
       diaba%zei tha ce%rei se ti anafe%reste. Bebai%w*s, myn cexa%sete na
       ko%qete o%ti den ei%nai aparai%tyto.

    2. To kei%meno ty*s grammy%*s the%mato*s parame%nei to i%dio
       (thumythy%kate na ba%lete ka%poio the%ma, swsta%;). Polla%
       progra%mmata ylektroniky%*s allylografi%a*s tacinomou%n ta mynu%mata
       ana%loga me to the%ma tou*s. Auto% boytha%ei ta sxetika% mynu%mata na
       me%noun mazi%.

    3. Oi arithmoi% anafora%*s styn epikefali%da tou mynu%mato*s tha
       dei%xnoun sto proygou%meno gra%mma. Ka%poia progra%mmata
       ylektroniky%*s allylografi%a*s, o%pw*s to mutt, mporou%n na
       omadopoiy%soun ta mynu%mata, dei%xnonta*s akribw%*s ti sxe%sy e%xoun
       to e%na me to a%llo.

8. Pw*s na apanty%sete mia erw%tysy

   Prin apanty%sete ka%poia erw%tysy styn FreeBSD-questions, skeftei%te ta
   ecy%*s:

    1. Polla% pra%gmata apo% auta% pou isxu%oun gia ti*s erwty%sei*s,
       isxu%oun kai gia ti*s apanty%sei*s. Diaba%ste ta prw%ta, parapa%nw

    2. My%pw*s ka%poio*s a%llo*s e%xei apanty%sei styn erw%tysy; O pio
       eu%kolo*s tro%po*s na to ele%gcete auto% ei%nai na tacinomy%sete ta
       eiserxo%mena gra%mmata% sa*s ana%loga me to the%ma tou*s. E%tsi (a*s
       elpi%soume) tha dei%te tyn erw%tysy na akolouthei%tai apo% ti*s
       apanty%sei*s (o%tan aute%*s upa%rxoun) o%le*s mazi%.

       An ka%poio*s a%llo*s e%xei y%dy apanty%sei den symai%nei pw*s esei%*s
       den pre%pei na apanty%sete ka%pw*s diaforetika%. Alla% e%xei no%yma na
       diaba%ste prw%ta o%le*s ti*s apanty%sei*s.

    3. E%xete na prosthe%sete ka%ti se o%sa e%xoun y%dy graftei%; Genika%,
       apanty%sei*s tou stul <<Nai, ki egw%>> den boytha%ne kai polu%.
       Upa%rxoun be%baia kai ecaire%sei*s, o%pw*s o%tan, gia para%deigma,
       ka%poio*s perigra%fei e%na pro%blyma pou e%xei kai den ce%rei an
       ei%nai diko% tou ftai%cimo y% ka%ti den pa%ei kala% ei%te me to uliko%
       ei%te me to logismiko% tou. An stei%lete wsto%so e%na <<ki egw%>>
       my%numa, fronti%ste toula%xiston na e%xei o%le*s ti*s plyrofori%e*s
       pou xreia%zontai.

    4. Ei%ste si%gouro*s o%ti katalabai%nete tyn erw%tysy; Polu% suxna%,
       auto%*s pou rwta%ei e%xei mperdeutei% y% den e%xei ekfrastei% me
       arkety% safy%neia. Ako%ma kai me tyn kalu%tery dunaty% gnw%sy tou
       susty%mato*s, ei%nai eu%kolo na stei%lete mia apa%ntysy pou den
       apanta% styn erw%tysy. Auto% den boytha% kai polu%. THa afy%sete
       auto%n pou rwta%ei pio thumwme%no kai mperdeme%no apo% prin. An
       kanei%*s a%llo*s den apanty%sei, kai den ei%ste ou%te esei%*s
       si%gouro*s, mporei%te pa%nta na zyty%sete pio polle%*s plyrofori%e*s.

    5. Ei%ste si%gouro*s o%ti y apa%ntysy sa*s ei%nai swsty%; An o%xi
       perime%nete mia me%ra peri%pou. An kanei%*s den stei%lei ka%poia
       kalu%tery apa%ntysy, mporei%te na apanty%sete esei%*s, gra%fonta*s gia
       para%deigma <<Den ce%rw an auto% ei%nai swsto%, alla% afou% kanei%*s
       a%llo*s den e%xei apanty%sei, giati% den dokima%zei*s na
       antikatasty%sei*s to ATAPI CDROM sou me e%na ba%traxo;>>.

    6. An den upa%rxei ka%poio*s kalo%*s lo%go*s gia na ka%nete ka%ti
       diaforetiko%, apanty%ste kai ston apostole%a kai styn
       FreeBSD-questions. Polu%*s ko%smo*s styn FreeBSD-questions ei%nai
       <<paratyryte%*s>>: mathai%noun diaba%zonta*s ta mynu%mata pou
       ste%lnontai san apanty%sei*s stou*s a%llou*s. An metafe%rete ka%poio
       my%numa genikou% endiafe%ronto*s ekto%*s li%sta*s, sterei%te autou%*s
       tou*s anagnw%ste*s apo% mia polu%timy pygy% plyroforiw%n. Prosoxy%
       o%mw*s me ti*s omadike%*s apanty%sei*s. Polu%*s ko%smo*s ste%lnei
       apanty%sei*s me ekatonta%de*s Cc anti%grafa. Se auty% tyn peri%ptwsy,
       ko%qte ti*s kata%llyle*s Cc dieuthu%nsei*s.

    7. Sumperila%bete to sxetiko% kei%meno apo% to arxiko% my%numa.
       Afaire%ste o%ti den xreia%zetai, alla% myn to paraka%nete. THa pre%pei
       na mporei% ka%poio*s pou den dia%base tyn arxiky% erw%tysy na
       katala%bei gia ti pra%gma mila%te.

    8. Xrysimopoiy%ste ka%poia texniky% gia na cexwri%sete poio kei%meno
       proe%rxetai apo% to arxiko% my%numa, kai poio e%xete prosthe%sei
       esei%*s. Proswpika% bri%skw o%ti ba%zonta*s styn arxy% ka%the
       grammy%*s tou arxikou% mynu%mato*s e%na <<> >> ei%nai arketa% kalo%*s
       tro%po*s na gi%nei ka%ti te%toio. To na afy%nete kena% meta% ti*s
       gramme%*s pou arxi%zoun me <<> >> kai na afy%nete mia keny% grammy%
       metacu% tou arxikou% keime%nou kai tou dikou% sa*s epi%sy*s boytha%
       sto na ei%nai pio eu%kolo na diabastei% to apote%lesma.

    9. Ba%lte ti*s apanty%sei*s sa*s sto swsto% me%ro*s (meta% to kei%meno
       sto opoi%o apanta%te). Ei%nai polu% du%skolo na diabastei% mia oma%da
       apanty%sewn o%pou ka%the apa%ntysy e%rxetai prin to kei%meno sto
       opoi%o apanta%ei.

   10. Ta pio polla% progra%mmata ylektroniky%*s allylografi%a*s alla%zoun to
       the%ma prosthe%tonta*s styn arxy% e%na <<Re: >>. An to diko% sa*s
       pro%gramma den to ka%nei auto%mata, tha pre%pei na to ka%nete esei%*s.

   11. An o apostole%a*s den akolou%thyse ti*s sumba%sei*s morfopoi%ysy*s
       (gramme%*s polu% mega%le*s, a%sxety y% asafy%*s grammy% the%mato*s),
       protimy%ste na to diorthw%sete. Styn peri%ptwsy akata%llyly*s
       grammy%*s the%mato*s (o%pw*s p.x <<HELP!!??>>), alla%cte to the%ma se
       ka%ti o%pw*s <<Re: Difficulties with sync PPP (was: HELP!!??)>>. E%tsi
       o%soi prospathou%n na parakolouthy%soun auty% tyn oma%da mynuma%twn
       tha duskoleutou%n ligo%tero na tyn parakolouthy%soun.

       Se te%toie*s periptw%sei*s ei%nai kalo% na le%te ti ka%nate kai
       giati%, alla% prospathy%ste na myn ei%ste agenei%*s. An dei%te o%ti
       den mporei%te na apanty%sete xwri%*s na ei%ste agenei%*s, kalu%tera
       myn apanta%te.

       An apla% the%lete na apanty%sete se e%na my%numa lo%gw ty*s kaky%*s
       tou morfopoi%ysy*s, apanty%ste kalu%tera ston apostole%a, ki o%xi sty
       li%sta. Mporei%te aplw%*s na tou stei%lete auto% to kei%meno san
       apa%ntysy, an the%lete.
